Appendix
in full vermiform appendix
The human appendix, usually 3–4 in. (8–10 cm) long and less
than 0.5 in. (1.3 cm) wide, has no digestive function. Its muscular walls expel
their own mucous secretions or any intestinal contents that enter it. Blockage
of the opening may prevent expulsion and cause appendicitis: fluids collect,
bacteria propagate, and the appendix becomes distended and inflamed; tissue in
the appendix begins to die, and the organ may burst, causing peritonitis. Its
symptoms may begin with moderate pain in the upper abdomen, about the navel, or
all over the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting may then develop. The pain may shift
to the right lower abdomen. Fever is usually present but is seldom high in the
early phases. Differentiating acute appendicitis from other causes of abdominal
pain requires careful examination. Treatment is removal of the appendix
(appendectomy).
Source: Britannica encyclopedia
